Sprinkler or spray irrigation is the method of applying water in a controlled manner that is similar to rainfall.
The water is distributed through a network that may consist of pumps, valves, pipes, and sprinklers. Irrigation sprinklers can be used for residential, industrial, and agricultural usage.
Spray irrigation is a modern and commonly-used system of irrigating, but it also requires machinery. This system is similar to the way you might water your lawn at home - stand there with a hose and spray the water out in all directions. Large scale spray irrigation systems are in use on large farms today.
Spray irrigation is a modern and commonly-used system of irrigating, but it also requires machinery. This system is similar to the way you might water your lawn at home - stand there with a hose and spray the water out in all directions. Large scale spray irrigation systems are in use on large farms today.
The systems can simply belong to hoses with sprinklers along the length or a centre-pivot system that traverses a circle in the fields. This picture shows a simple sprinkler irrigation system—it is one of the less-efficient models because a large part of the water shot into the air evaporates.
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| Sprinkler or Spray Irrigation Systems in Zimbabwe |
This picture shows a very common centre-pivot sprinkler irrigation system in operation. The centre-pivot systems have a number of metal frames (on rolling wheels) that hold the water tube out into the fields. Electric motors move each frame in a big circle around the field (the tube is fixed at the water source at the centre of the circle), squirting water. The depth of water applied is determined by the rate of travel of the system. Single units are ordinarily about 1,250 to 1,300 feet long and irrigate about a 130-acre circular area. In high-pressure systems, there can be very big water guns along the tube.
A more "modern" alternative to high-pressure water guns is the low-pressure sprinkler system (drip irrigation). Here, water is gently sprayed downward onto plants instead of being shot high in the air. Low-pressure systems are more efficient in that much less water evaporates or is blown off the fields if there is a strong wind present.
Although still widely in use today, high-pressure spray irrigation systems can be quite inefficient. A lot of water, up to 35 percent, is lost because of evaporation and the blowing winds. More efficient irrigation systems are being used more often.
Irrigation is one of the major uses of water throughout the world.
A more "modern" alternative to high-pressure water guns is the low-pressure sprinkler system (drip irrigation). Here, water is gently sprayed downward onto plants instead of being shot high in the air. Low-pressure systems are more efficient in that much less water evaporates or is blown off the fields if there is a strong wind present.
Although still widely in use today, high-pressure spray irrigation systems can be quite inefficient. A lot of water, up to 35 percent, is lost because of evaporation and the blowing winds. More efficient irrigation systems are being used more often.
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| Sprinkler or Spray Irrigation Systems in Zimbabwe |
In the United States in year 2015, irrigation withdrawals were an estimated 118,000 million gallons per day (Mgal/d), or 132,000 thousand acre-feet per year. About 63,500 thousand acres were irrigated in 20150. Of this total acreage, about 34,700 thousand acres with sprinkler systems.
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